Cannabis sativa L. is cultivated nowadays for agricultural, industrial, and medicinal
; applications and also for recreational use. The latter is due to the presence of delta-9-
; tetrahydrocannabinol, a psychoactive substance. Recreational cannabis policies vary between
; different countries, which has led to the lack of a clearly defined legal context for cannabis and
; also a diversity of products derived from or containing cannabis on the (il)legal market. These
; cannabis-derived products have regained attention, notably because of their cannabinoid
; content. This review aims to assess and present analytical methods developed to analyze
; phytocannabinoids with spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques in specific cannabis
; matrices: herbs and oily products. Published papers from2018–November 2024were searched
; for with precise criteria, analyzed, and summarized. In the studies, liquid and gas chromatographic
; techniques (>70%reviewed papers)were themost used and have beenwidely applied
; using similar methods, and most papers were focused on cannabis herbs (>75%). Techniques
; were also compared and future challenges were identified. A comparison of different specificities
; of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques discussed in this current review has
; also been established and summarized.